Anal Fissure...
Q What are the causes of Anal
Fissure?
Either extreme
constipation
or diarrhea,
usually combined with nervous tension over a prolonged period of time, may
produce anal abrasions, simple slit-like fissures, or acute ulcers at the anal
verge. With constipation, this condition is usually caused by the passage of a
hard dry stool that tears the anal lining upon defecation. With diarrhea, this
condition is usually caused by an over use and over-wiping of an inflamed anal
canal.
In some patients,
the anal fissure doesn't heal and becomes a painful sore that is constantly
re-injured or torn with each bowel movement. The fissure usually develops a
white fibrous base over time. Additionally, an external anal skin tag called a
sentinel pile, and an
enlarged papillae at the superior anal
margin may develop.
Human body has a
spontaneous reflex in which any pain in the sensitive lower part of anus causes reflex contraction (spasm) of the sphincter muscle.
So the tear caused in the lower anal canal leads to sphincter muscle spasm .The resultant
sphincter muscle spasm makes passage of even normal stools difficult and
painful which further increases the spasm of sphincter muscle thereby starting
a vicious cycle in which pain and sphincter muscle spasm increasing each other.
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